Unit 2 Lesson 10: Photosynthesis
Lesson 10. What is energy?
Energy is fuel needed by any living organism. This fuel helps them carry out all of their functions throughout each and every day.
2. What is the function and purpose of the process of photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis in the process in which cells use the energy in sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen. This process is used by autotrophs who make their own food. During the first stage of photosynthesis (light reactions) , ATP is made, which is then combined with carbon to produce glucose in the second stage (Calvin cycle).
3. In what ways do the following components contribute to the process of photosynthesis:
a. intermembrane space- The space between the inter and outer membrane. This is where the electron transport chain is, which is part of the second stage.
b. stroma- The stroma is the space outside the thylakoid membranes where the Calvin cycle takes place.
c. thylakoids- Membranes where the light reactions stage takes place.
d. grana- Stacks in the chloroplast which have thylakoid membranes.
e. chlorophyll- Molecules inside the thylakoid membranes which contain green pigment.
f. chloroplasts- Organelles that are found in the cells of plants and algae. Both stages of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplast.
4. Does photosynthesis differ in C4 plants and CAM plants? If so, how?
Both C4 plants and CAM plants use an adaptation of photosynthesis because they live in dry environments. The difference between these two types of plants is the time of day. C4 plants use photosynthesis during the day, but CAM plants take in the sun's energy, and then wait until night to undergo the full process.
5. What is the difference between light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions? Can photosynthesis occur in light-independent reactions? Why or why not?
Photosynthesis can occur in both, but light-dependent reactions require sunlight to function, while light-independent reactions do not. Light-independent reactions take place in the second stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. These reactions do not need light because they already have the energy that was produced in the first stage.
Energy is fuel needed by any living organism. This fuel helps them carry out all of their functions throughout each and every day.
2. What is the function and purpose of the process of photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis in the process in which cells use the energy in sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen. This process is used by autotrophs who make their own food. During the first stage of photosynthesis (light reactions) , ATP is made, which is then combined with carbon to produce glucose in the second stage (Calvin cycle).
3. In what ways do the following components contribute to the process of photosynthesis:
a. intermembrane space- The space between the inter and outer membrane. This is where the electron transport chain is, which is part of the second stage.
b. stroma- The stroma is the space outside the thylakoid membranes where the Calvin cycle takes place.
c. thylakoids- Membranes where the light reactions stage takes place.
d. grana- Stacks in the chloroplast which have thylakoid membranes.
e. chlorophyll- Molecules inside the thylakoid membranes which contain green pigment.
f. chloroplasts- Organelles that are found in the cells of plants and algae. Both stages of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplast.
4. Does photosynthesis differ in C4 plants and CAM plants? If so, how?
Both C4 plants and CAM plants use an adaptation of photosynthesis because they live in dry environments. The difference between these two types of plants is the time of day. C4 plants use photosynthesis during the day, but CAM plants take in the sun's energy, and then wait until night to undergo the full process.
5. What is the difference between light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions? Can photosynthesis occur in light-independent reactions? Why or why not?
Photosynthesis can occur in both, but light-dependent reactions require sunlight to function, while light-independent reactions do not. Light-independent reactions take place in the second stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. These reactions do not need light because they already have the energy that was produced in the first stage.
Lab Essay Unit 2 Lesson 12
1. The soap was used in the protocol to supply the plant disks with bicarbonate, which serves as CO2.
2. Bicarbonate is standing in for carbon dioxide, which is essential in photosynthesis.
3. The light bulb is the source of electrons during photosynthesis.
4. It is important to use the average rate of photosynthesis to get the most accurate readings as possible.
5. It is important to establish a control for comparison of progress of the disks in the CO2.
6. It is important to know the photosynthetic rate to know what how to measure time the experiment, as well as a good knowledge of how plants works.
Nicolas, Jake, and Emilio
Mr. Helms
Gen Bio 1(D)
30 October 2013
Photosynthesis Essay
Photosynthesis is the process of plants turning carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose. This is done in two steps: the light reaction and the Calvin Cycle. The light reaction begins with using the light from the sun, Co2 humans breathe out, and water that is absorbed through the roots. It goes through this process to create sugars or energy which are ATP and NADH. It goes into the Calvin cycle and is converted into glucose, sucrose, and other sugars. Humans use the oxygen created through plants in cellular respiration, and breathe out carbon dioxide as well as eat the plants. Plants then use that carbon dioxide and start photosynthesis all over again and the cycle continues. Through this lab, we are trying to find the answer to this question: can photosynthesis occur when plants are saturated in various solutions and can it produce the same results as the process in real life?
From the background research we did from reading books and watching videos, we were able to figure out and understand the different components needed in our lab. Both the baking soda and the soap in our experiment acted as carbon dioxide, which is required for photosynthesis. The electrons needed were gathered from the light. Considering all these components, we believe that reproducing photosynthesis is possible when the plants are in the reenacted environment.
In our experiment, we had to fill up a measuring cup with a drop of soap and water to 300 ml and a another measuring cup with water to 300 ml, baking soda, and a drop of soap.We repeated the step to create a control, it is important to establish a control for comparison of progress of the disks in the CO2. It is used to eliminate any possible variable except the ones being tested; it is very necessary to get a more accurate result. We cut twenty little disks of lettuce without any of the veins and put ten in a syringe with soap water until they stopped floating and sunk to the bottom. Then we emptied it out and put it into the measuring cup and refill the syringe with the baking soda soap water and added the other ten lettuce disks into the syringe until it sunk to the bottom. After it sunk to the bottom we emptied it out into the measuring cup with the baking soda soap water and put both cups under a light and timed how long the disks took to float up to the top.
In the end of our experiment, we found that the plant disks in the baking soda floated to the surface, while the disks in the regular water remained sunk. After about three minutes, the first disks began to rose. In about six minutes, they were all risen. This shows the importance of studying the photosynthetic rate of plants: in proper conditions, you can tell if something is blocking the process of photosynthesis, henceforth keeping the plant disks from rising.
At the end of this experiment, we found the results successful. The lettuce disk leaves floated to the top in the baking soda and soap mixture unlike the soap and water mixture. This lab relates to photosynthesis because it is the process of photosynthesis. The main purpose of the lab was to recreate the process. In turns, we were able to do so.
2. Bicarbonate is standing in for carbon dioxide, which is essential in photosynthesis.
3. The light bulb is the source of electrons during photosynthesis.
4. It is important to use the average rate of photosynthesis to get the most accurate readings as possible.
5. It is important to establish a control for comparison of progress of the disks in the CO2.
6. It is important to know the photosynthetic rate to know what how to measure time the experiment, as well as a good knowledge of how plants works.
Nicolas, Jake, and Emilio
Mr. Helms
Gen Bio 1(D)
30 October 2013
Photosynthesis Essay
Photosynthesis is the process of plants turning carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose. This is done in two steps: the light reaction and the Calvin Cycle. The light reaction begins with using the light from the sun, Co2 humans breathe out, and water that is absorbed through the roots. It goes through this process to create sugars or energy which are ATP and NADH. It goes into the Calvin cycle and is converted into glucose, sucrose, and other sugars. Humans use the oxygen created through plants in cellular respiration, and breathe out carbon dioxide as well as eat the plants. Plants then use that carbon dioxide and start photosynthesis all over again and the cycle continues. Through this lab, we are trying to find the answer to this question: can photosynthesis occur when plants are saturated in various solutions and can it produce the same results as the process in real life?
From the background research we did from reading books and watching videos, we were able to figure out and understand the different components needed in our lab. Both the baking soda and the soap in our experiment acted as carbon dioxide, which is required for photosynthesis. The electrons needed were gathered from the light. Considering all these components, we believe that reproducing photosynthesis is possible when the plants are in the reenacted environment.
In our experiment, we had to fill up a measuring cup with a drop of soap and water to 300 ml and a another measuring cup with water to 300 ml, baking soda, and a drop of soap.We repeated the step to create a control, it is important to establish a control for comparison of progress of the disks in the CO2. It is used to eliminate any possible variable except the ones being tested; it is very necessary to get a more accurate result. We cut twenty little disks of lettuce without any of the veins and put ten in a syringe with soap water until they stopped floating and sunk to the bottom. Then we emptied it out and put it into the measuring cup and refill the syringe with the baking soda soap water and added the other ten lettuce disks into the syringe until it sunk to the bottom. After it sunk to the bottom we emptied it out into the measuring cup with the baking soda soap water and put both cups under a light and timed how long the disks took to float up to the top.
In the end of our experiment, we found that the plant disks in the baking soda floated to the surface, while the disks in the regular water remained sunk. After about three minutes, the first disks began to rose. In about six minutes, they were all risen. This shows the importance of studying the photosynthetic rate of plants: in proper conditions, you can tell if something is blocking the process of photosynthesis, henceforth keeping the plant disks from rising.
At the end of this experiment, we found the results successful. The lettuce disk leaves floated to the top in the baking soda and soap mixture unlike the soap and water mixture. This lab relates to photosynthesis because it is the process of photosynthesis. The main purpose of the lab was to recreate the process. In turns, we were able to do so.