One thing I learned in this 3-class lesson is about the dihybrid cross. The dihybrid cross crosses F1 of two individuals that differ in two traits of particular interest. This cross method is the method someone would use to figure out what their second generation would look like. The Punnett square is slightly similar to the dihybrid cross, the dihybrid cross is just so much more confusing than the Punnett Square.
What are the pros and cons of using a punnett square to predict the genetic outcomes of a genetic cross involving multiple genes?
Using a punnett square to predict the genetic outcomes of a genetic cross involving multiple genes have pros and cons. A punnett square is used to find out the percentage of the traits that can be developed from an offspring. A pro is that the punnett square can be used to find the traits probability very neatly to the eyes. A con is that there is more than one trait that is being tested which will have multiple alleles involved. Creating a multiple punnett square isn't very tricky, you have to match up the genes correctly and if you know how to do it it's really easy. The legitimacy of the science that was portrayed in this movie is how people made the clones by having to use the exact same DNA as the actual human being so that the clone could look exactly the same as the person. The clones needed to have all the same traits as the human being to make an exact copy. The clones are the insurance policy for the actual human. This may be realistic farther into the future but for sure not any time soon. It's an unrealistic movie and nothing like that would possibly be able to start right now.
Gregor Mendel first of all needed to understand the concepts and everything that DNA does. The law of segregation, Mendels very first law, shows that there are two factors that regulate a characteristic, and one then dominates the other. The factors separate and one of the factors goes to the gametes when parents reproduce. Mendel knows that there is a random allele that is passed down to each and every cell, which means that both of the parents are contributing a random characteristic. In the independent assortment law, he states how factors that control different characteristics inherit independently of one another. Mendel surely fathomed about how the parents each give half of their DNA to their offspring and that DNA is important when discussing inheritance. Mendels understanding of DNA had to be very well.
In the video it explained what was shown in class about how a mother and father can make babies that are healthy and other babies that may be unhealthy or sick. For example, a father has a Yy trait and a mother has Yy. If the father were to ejaculate inside the mother the traits would come out as YY, Yy, Yy, and yy. The babies with the Y are healthy, but the baby with the double y is the unhealthy sick baby. So there is a twenty five percent chance that this mother and father will create an unhealthy sick baby.
One thing I learned in this 3-class lesson is about how the process of mitosis and meiosis. In the process of mitosis, there are six steps which are interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. Interphase is when DNA is replicated. Prophase is when the membrane dissolves and spindle fibers move to opposite poles. Metaphase is when the spindle fibers attach to centromeres and chromosomes pulling them to the opposite ends. Anaphase is when spindle fibers shorten. Telophase is when chromosomes reach the opposite ends and the spindle fibers disintegrate. Cytokinesis is when daughter cells splits apart and the two daughter cells have the same numbers of chromosomes. In meiosis the steps are exactly the same as mitosis from the steps interphase to prophase.
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May 2014
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